Yinwan Tomb of Han Dynasty is located on Gaoling about two kilometers southwest of Yinwan Village, Wenquan Town, Donghai County. It was originally an artificially piled mound above the surface of the ridge, covering an area of about 2500 square meters. In the Western Han Dynasty, this place belonged to Donghai County, and the prefecture is now Tancheng. As the years passed, and the stars shifted, for more than two thousand years, except for the change of regime, the mountains and rivers remained unchanged, and the material resources remained the same.
In February 1993, a gang used a gang to rob and excavate here, and used steel drills to detect a pit with a diameter of more than 3 meters and a depth of 5 meters, and opened the lid of the coffin that we later numbered as Tomb No. 1. Fortunately, when the leaders of Wenquan Town’s Party Committee learned of this incident, they rushed to the scene to stop the vandalism and reported the incident to the Donghai County Museum. Comrade Liu Jinsong, a full-time archaeologist from the museum department, rushed to the scene to organize protection. The Municipal Museum also sent two comrades Ji Dakai and Xiang Jianyun from the Archaeological Department to assist in the cleanup and identification. Approved by the Provincial Department of Culture, a leading group was formed by the relevant leaders of the Municipal Cultural Bureau, Donghai County Cultural Bureau and the Municipal Cultural Management Committee Museum, and the site excavation was organized by Ji Dakai, Xiang Jianyun, and Liu Jinsong. After several days of field exploration, it is preliminarily determined that Yinwan Han Tomb may be a family cemetery, with more than ten tombs buried in bedrock 5-8 meters below the surface.
For protection reasons, we decided to only conduct rescue excavations on the six tombs numbered M1-M6. The rest will not be cleaned up temporarily and will be included in the second phase of the excavation project. After sufficient preparation, the excavation of these six tombs began, which lasted more than 40 days.
It is worth emphasizing here on the situation of tomb 6. M6 is located 4.5 meters northwest of M5 and 3 meters from the front of M2. There is no sign of disturbance. The tomb is 4.2 meters long from east to west, 2.7 meters wide from north to south, and 7.5 meters deep. The wall of the pit is vertically downward, and the tomb chamber is built at the bottom of the pit, consisting of a coffin, two coffins and a foot chamber. The outer shell cover has two layers. The first layer is divided into five pieces, arranged in the north-south direction, and the yin and yang tenon between each plate are fastened together. The outer frame of the coffin chamber is a rectangular outer frame formed by combining four upper and lower layers of square wood with four corners and tenon, with a length of 3.2 meters and a width of 2.26 meters. Two wooden coffins are stored side by side in the coffin chamber, arranged in an east-west direction, with a distance of 5-7 cm between the two coffins. The male coffin is slightly larger in the north, 2.28 meters long and 0.76 meters wide; the female coffin is in the south, and the coffin is smaller, 2.19 long and 0.71 wide. Mi, this is a concrete reflection of the inferiority of men and women in Western Han society. The bottom coffin board is also a layer of 35 cm thick flat wooden boards, divided into 6 pieces. The material and tenon method are the same as those of the surrounding wall panels. There is a foot box on the outer west side of the inner coffin room, one side is the western wall board of the inner coffin room, and the other three sides are buckled with 8 cm thick wooden boards to form a rectangular cabinet with an inner diameter of 2.1 meters, a width of 0.62, and a depth of 0.70 meters. Part of the burial goods is placed in the foot compartment. The surrounding people were very curious and gathered one after another, which brought great difficulty to the diversion work. In order to prevent a stampede that may occur during the opening of the coffin, and to better carry out its work, the archaeological team decided to make a surprise excavation that night. The foot compartment was first cleaned that night. The foot compartment was outside the inner coffin chamber, and part of the burial items were placed in the foot compartment. Based on this, we analyzed that Tomb No. 6 was a second joint burial, and the foot compartment was added to the outer shell during the second joint burial, so the original shell was covered with a layer of slab. Open the upper frame of the foot box, the inside is soaked with water, and a layer of slabs floats on it. Because the tomb was too small, drainage was difficult. Underwater is silt that is more than ten centimeters thick, and some of the funerary objects such as glazed earthenware pots are half exposed on the outside of the silt. It can be seen from the scene that the glazed pottery is on the south side of the foot compartment, with ear cups and wooden figurines in the middle, and the northern part of the foot compartment has already weakened lacquer ware. After registration, there are as many as 25 cultural relics in the foot compartment, including 7 wooden figurines, 2 glazed earthenware ampoules, 4 glazed earthenware pots, 1 copper bottle, lacquer spoon, ear cup, and copper kettle. , And 1 piece each of wooden sword, wooden crossbow machine, wooden plug, wooden fan, and shield. In addition, there are 1 pieces each of Qi Ping Ji and Zhu Zhu with inscriptions of "Jia Song". These two pieces have fallen apart in the coffin and cannot be repaired.
The male coffin was cleaned indoors. We cleaned up the water and silt in turn, and finally took out the cultural relics. Due to the adhesion of the silt at the bottom of the coffin, there is no major dislocation or movement of the funerary objects, but most of the wooden relics and lacquerware have long been scattered, and the original placement cannot be seen. The corpse was highly decomposed. When the feet were cleaned, a pile of scattered wooden tablets and bamboo slips was exposed. Based on the fabric fibers attached to it, we estimate that it should be wrapped in square ties when it enters the mortuary. Some bamboo slips still have traces of weaving rope, and a few bamboo slips have been broken into several sections. The font of the wooden tablet is very clear, and the surface of the wooden tablet still shows a light oily shine. Although the wooden tablets are pressed together, they are still elastic when taken out, and the characters written on both sides have no signs of wear and adhesion. We took out this batch of bamboo slips one by one very carefully and put them in the water. After registration, 23 wooden slips and 113 bamboo slips are counted. These are the most valuable cultural relics obtained in this excavation.
After sorting out later, the contents of these abbreviations include:
1. Documents and archives of Donghae County Government: "Book of Collections", "General List of Donghae County Officials", "List of Officials under Donghae County", "Setup Book of Donghae County Local Officials", "A Collection of Vehicles and Equipments in the Four Years of Wuku Yongsi Six book collections including "Books";
2. Shushu calendar: including "Divine Tortoise Zhan", "Liujia Zhanyu", "Bo Ju Zhan", "Xing Morality", "Xing Dao Good and Bad", Yuan Yan Yuan Year Calendar and Yuan Yan Three Year Book, etc. ；
3. Personal documents: including a list of donations, burial condemnation policy, Yuanyan second year diary, and name badges;
4. Lost articles in Han Fu: "Shen Wu Fu" and so on.
Judging from the contents of the unearthed wooden tablets and the names of the burials, the male coffin owner of Tomb No. 6 was surnamed Shi Rao, Zi Junxiong, and he was Donghai Jun Gong Cao Shi during his lifetime. He died in the third year of Yuanyan, Emperor Cheng of the Western Han Dynasty (10 BC). ).
In the Han dynasty prefectural government officials, although Gong Cao belonged to the one hundred stone young officials. But he took the lead in Cao Shi, Five Officials, Duyou, and Master Book. "Han Guan Yi" said: "Duyou, Gongcao, the extreme position of the prefecture". His responsibilities "Hundred Officials" in this note reads: "The chief election agency merits", that is, the election of the office and the control of personnel power. Judging from the circumstances in which the unearthed county government’s main documents, such as "Shang Ji Bu" and "Arsenal Collection Book" are in his hands and brought into the tomb, Gong Cao Shi may have the same authority as "Lun Heng·Shou Hu". "Pian" recorded: "The meaning is that the meritorious Cao, the rate of the public officials." He may be in charge of all Cao Cao, not only in charge of the election of officials, but also in charge of powers including planning, military equipment, money valley, taxation and so on. Among the names of the funeral, from Donghai, Pei County, Langya County, as well as Rongqiu, Liangcheng lords, down to the five sense organs and the history of death, all officials sent to ask questions and ask questions, which shows that the tomb owner’s predecessor in life .
Judging from the tomb shape, unearthed cultural relics and coins such as "Eastern Han Five Baht" and "Daquan Fifty", Yinwan Han tombs were a family cemetery from the middle and late Western Han Dynasty to Xinmang or the early Eastern Han Dynasty. The six tombs are basically the same in type, all of which are rectangular vertical cavern tombs in the east-west direction. There are two types of burials: joint burial and single burial, all with straight limbs on their backs. The tomb is built on a bedrock, with coffins and coffins, and some with side boxes and foot chambers. Fill the space between the coffin chamber and the tomb with bluish-white mortar to make the tomb very strong. Three graves were severely stolen. Tomb No. 6 is the most valuable. Not only is the tomb complete, the unearthed cultural relics are rich, but it also has an exact date and a clear identity of the tomb owner. The most important thing is that a large number of valuable bamboo slips were rescued to provide new evidence for historical research.
After the excavation work was completed, I immediately went indoors to sort out and interpret the bamboo slips, which lasted three years from 1994 to 1996. The bamboo slips must first be treated with oxalic acid to make them look like new in color, which is convenient for photographing and interpretation. The interpretation work is also simple and complex: at the beginning of the interpretation of the name in the wooden slips and the "General Book of Donghai County Officials", the official scripts are written in a single go. In particular, the "General Book of Officials of Donghae County" has written nearly 4000 characters on both sides of a wooden slip of 24 cm in length and 7 cm in width. The classification statistics of 2202 staff in Donghae County have been unearthed in my country so far. The official script wooden tablet with the largest number of characters, the smallest character diameter and the clearest; and when interpreting the "Jibu" written in cursive script, due to the long time in the water and the deterioration of the ink, it is quite difficult to interpret, sometimes only photos can be used Comparing the original text with the wooden tablet, using a magnifying glass, and then interpreting it in context, sometimes it fails to express the meaning, or can only release a radical, which is really impossible to interpret, so it can only be replaced by a box. After all, that era is too far away from us. Many wooden slips and bamboo slips are written in cursive script. The font structure and writing habits of certain characters are far from the present.
At the end of 1994, we handed over the compilation and interpretation of the entire bamboo slip to Comrade Teng Zhaozong. Comrade Teng Zhaozong sat on a cold bench and used a magnifying glass. It took a whole year to initially complete the 40,000-word interpretation of the entire bamboo slip. Work, this is an important phased achievement.
Regarding the actual work at the time, I put forward my own ideas in the museum: opening to the outside world, seeking cooperation, and sincerely inviting well-known domestic experts and scholars to participate in the interpretation work of the bamboo slips, and feedback the research results to the society as soon as possible. My idea was supported by Luo Mingnan, secretary of the Party branch of the library, and deputy curators Ji Dakai and Cai Xianliang. Soon, it was led by Liu Hongshi and Xie Guihua of the Chinese Institute of History, and collaborated with experts from Peking University, the Chinese Institute of History, the Chinese Institute of Cultural Relics, and the Zhonghua Book Company to sort out the problems word by word and item by item. We were moved by the rigorous academic spirit of the old expert. For example, Mr. Qiu Xigui suffered from eye disease and could not see things for a long time. It is also like Mr. Li Jiemin, the editor in charge of "Yinwan Han Tomb Bamboo Slips" and an expert in ancient writing at Zhonghua Book Company. He himself has participated in the interpretation and sorting of the bamboo slips from beginning to end. 42 diary slips were originally arranged in a disorderly manner. The part was re-scheduled by him in accordance with the original historical appearance of the cadres and branches, and Mr. Li Junming and Mr. Liu Jun of the Cultural Relics Research Institute, with their rich experience and profound knowledge, not only completed the arsenal collection book and other departments that they shared. The task of interpretation and editing and editing of all the original photos of the bamboo slips laid an important foundation for the publishing work. As the representative of the museum and the person in charge of the cooperative project, in addition to the specific research work, I also made a lot of efforts in organization, coordination, and fund allocation. Meetings. Everyone's concerted efforts ensured the quality of the interpretation and the speed of collation.
In the finalization stage of the cooperation project, the infrared camera and computer fuzzy image processing technology jointly developed by professors Qiu Yuanxun and Xu Zhizheng of Fudan University in Shanghai were also helped. Using this technology, we carried out the final collective interpretation of the original copy of the bamboo slips, and corrected the missing errors in the manuscript by more than 700 words.
After Yinwan Han Tomb Slips and Slips were published in the eighth issue of "Cultural Relics" in 1996, they immediately attracted the attention of domestic and foreign scholars including Japanese, Taiwan, Hong Kong and domestic scholars. There are currently five related monographs and more than 70 papers published in public. The tentacles of the thesis have been exposed to all aspects of life in the Han Dynasty. For a time, Yinwan Han tomb bamboo slips became the focus of attention of experts in history and archaeology at home and abroad, especially the study of bamboo slips. Mr. Liao Boyuan, a researcher at the Institute of History and Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, only received the August 1996 issue of "Cultural Relics" published in China at the beginning of 1997. In July 1998, his monograph "Simplified Slips" on the textual research of the tomb of Yinwan "And System" has been published by Taiwan Wenjin Publishing House. In May of this year, Mr. Liao used the Yinwan Slips and Slips to publish a new book of "Qin and Han History", about 200,000 characters. The insight and speed of its textual research is unprecedented.
From the rescue and protection of cultural relics to the entire process of cooperative research, the care and support of the leaders of the city and county cultural bureaus are the guarantee that the work can be carried out smoothly.
Yinwan Han Tomb Bamboo Slips, from the discovery to the publication of the book lasted three years, with six drafts. Mr. Zhang Zhengwen’s evaluation in the appraisal book is: "From the time I saw the photos of these cultural relics in early August 1994 to the publication of this year's collection, it took only three years. It was the fastest in the collection of simple silk books that I have seen over the years. "High-level work", Professor Xu Pingfang, former director of the Chinese Institute of Archaeology, believes: "The interpretation of this book is accurate and has reached the current high level." The work of interpreting and collating the slips is a high-level achievement, which fully meets the standards required by the National Social Science Fund project."
Mr. Li Xueqin specified at the appraisal meeting of the "Yinwan Tomb Slips": "The publication of the "Yinwan Han Tomb Slips" is the result of collation. Research work cannot be done by one generation or two generations." Yes, publishing these materials to the society, providing first-hand information for the research activities of experts and scholars, and promoting the development of history and related disciplines is the purpose and significance of our work.
In addition, the "Yinwan Han Tomb Slips Synopsis" published by Science Press, edited by Lianyungang Museum and the China Institute of Cultural Relics, was also published in February 1999. It collected 27 domestic scholars on Yinwan Slips. Monograph. In April 1999, the "Yinwan Han Tomb Bamboo Slips" edited and issued by the Japanese Academy of Fine Arts, a corporate legal person of Japan, selected important bamboo slips such as "Shen Wu Fu", which has important calligraphy and artistic value. As a special souvenir of the 1999 Japanese Academy of Art Exhibition, it caused great repercussions in Japan.
Since the "Yinwan Han Tomb Slips" was published less than one year ago, the use of Yinwan Slips has made six breakthroughs in the study of Han history:
1. Breakthrough in editing the "Han Shu" and revising historical books
"Han Shu" is a work of faith in the study of Han history. However, in the process of copying, editing, and reprinting for more than two thousand years, due to human factors, the classics were handed down from generation to generation, and it was very easy to be modified and changed by future generations. The first-hand information revealed in "Jibu", "General Book of Officials", "Setup Book" and other books, historical records, original appearance, original shape of original characters, no suspicion of tampering, thus filling in some key issues The emptiness can be directly used to edit the "Han Shu", to correct historical books, and to judge the relevant conclusions of the previous research results.
The names of some counties in "Jibu" can be used to correct the mistakes of some county names in "Hanshu·Geography". For example, "Haiqu" is an error of "Haixi". "Wish Qi" is regarded as the error of "Kuang Qi". "Yuxiang" is regarded as the error of "Qianxiang". "Lanqi" is regarded as "Lanqi", and "Nancheng" is regarded as "Nancheng". Donghai County has: "Pingqu", one is the county and the other is the Hou country. Some people may think that Hou’s "Ping Qu" is the county and the Hou country. Some people may think that Hou Guozhi's "Pingqu" is regarded as "Quping", and now it can be concluded that Erpingqu is correct.
There is a record of "There are iron officials" in "Hanshu·Geography". However, the "General Book of Officials" and "Names of Chang Officials" only have Xiapi Iron Officials under the Middle East Sea County, while Yilu has salt officials, and there are also two salt officials, "Yuzhou" and "Beipu". rule. These three places are all qu lands, which can prove the mistake that "you have iron officials" in "Hanshu·Geography" is regarded as "you have salt officials".
2. A breakthrough in the study of Han arsenal
The discovery of the "Arsenal of the Four-Year Arsenal of the First Four Years of Arsenal" in Yinwan Han Tomb is the earliest and most complete statistical report that my country has seen so far on the construction of the Han arsenal. Moreover, it was found in the archives of government documents in the inner county, and its documentary value is even more extraordinary. As Mr. Li Junming of the Chinese Institute of Cultural Studies said in his arsenal "Preliminary Exploration": The report "There are many index items, and the number is clear.
We have an in-depth understanding of the weapons and equipment of the Han Dynasty and provided rare first-hand information, which is very precious. "
Listed in the collection is a county arsenal of treasured carts and horses and their corresponding combat weapons and other equipment. Among them, royal artifacts and inventory artifacts are listed separately. Royal artifacts are named "Chengyu", and inventory weapons are collectively referred to as "kubing". Among them, the number of weapons in the inventory is astonishing, and the two items are combined, "Various vehicles and equipment, 242,328,487".
Donghae-gun arsenal should be one of the arsenals in the inner county of the country. "The Book of Han·Chengdiji" is like Chun's quotation records: "The northern county treasury, the weapons of the officials are collected, and the order is set." In the Han Dynasty, not only did the Han Dynasty build a national arsenal directly under the central government in Chang'an and Luoyang, but also set up arsenals in the border and inner counties. . Judging from the archive records in the collection book, Donghae County's arsenal has two characteristics. One is the large inventory. For example, the total number of crossbows amounts to 537,707 pieces, the total number of spears amounts to 52,555 pieces, and there are 78,392 pieces of Fang (Ge-type weapons). With just three caps, an army that can equip 500,000 people is far beyond the needs of a county's arsenal. The second is that the arsenal is not under the jurisdiction of Donghae County. Because there is no “deposit order” in the Donghae County Officials General Book or the Officials Setup Book, it can be concluded that the Donghae County Arsenal is a national arsenal directly under the central jurisdiction established by the state on the southeast coast.
3. Breakthroughs in the study of the Western Han dynasty system
The discovery of "Jibu" in Yinwan's Han Bamboo Slips provided the first material model so far for the study of the Shangju system in the Han Dynasty. Its significance is self-evident. It can be said that a large number of books have been discovered in Juyan Hanjian and Dunhuang Hanjian, but there have been no discoveries of county and county administrative documents, so Yin Wan's "Jibu" is even more precious.
The so-called accounting means that the local chief executive regularly submits accounting documents to his superiors to report on the local governance situation. At the end of the year, the county magistrate compiled the county's household registration, land reclamation, money valley, penal prison, etc. into accounting books. Judging from the physical objects unearthed in Yinwan, its accurate name should be "Jibu". The counties are submitted to the county, and the counties are then classified and counted according to the collection books of the counties, and then compiled the collection books that the county and the state report to the central government, and the county officials make a special trip to Chang'an and report to the central government. Based on this, the imperial court assessed and evaluated the political achievements of the governors. This system has been very complete in the Western Han Dynasty, and there is a special criminal law "Shangji Law" to ensure the standardized implementation of the Shangji system. Regarding the specific content of the above plan, I have never seen a complete template in the past. According to Hu Guang's "Hanguan Interpretation", the researchers only stated "hukou, farmland, money valley entry and exit, number of thieves" and so on. The No. 1 wooden tablet unearthed from Yinwan Han Tomb is the original data of Shangji in Donghai County in the late Western Han Dynasty 2000 years ago. Even if it is not the original, it is a copy of Shangji, which is credible. The wood of "Collection Book" is arborvitae, 22.7 cm long, 6 cm wide and 0.25 cm thick. It is written on both sides, 12 lines on the front and 10 lines on the back, about 700 characters, written in cursive ink.
These 700-character 22-item statistics are a complete record of the contents of Donghae County’s report to the central government. It seems to be a group of boring numbers, and it is this group of numbers that specifically reflects the various aspects of the social formation in the late Western Han Dynasty, and reproduces the paintings of the people's colorful social life in the Western Han Dynasty. Sociologists and historians are surprised and lamented. From this set of figures, they obtained historical information revealed by the people of the Han Dynasty; they drew countless sources from this set of figures, and produced a huge essay after another.
4. Breakthrough in the study of the political system of the Western Han Dynasty
The scope of research on the political system of the Western Han Dynasty is very wide, including the composition and operation of government agencies, the establishment and application of legal systems, the formation and changes of military systems, and the facilities and influence of cultural and educational systems.
The research on the official system of the Han dynasty used to focus on the literature, and most of them did not jump out of the "Han Shu·Hai Guan Biao", "Han Shu·Hai Guan Zhi", "Han Jiu Yi", "Tong Dian" and other ancient books about the Han dynasty. Records of official positions. Moreover, it focuses more on the establishment of officials in the central government, and at most counts and counties. Since the Yan Han bamboo slips, Dunhuang bamboo slips and other frontier county archives were unearthed, the research on the official system and political system of the Han Dynasty has developed in a broader field and has yielded fruitful results. Since the 1960s, Mr. Yan Gengwang in Taiwan has devoted himself to the study of the local political system of the Han Dynasty and completed the systematic masterpiece "History of the Local Administrative System in China". Highly respected. However, due to the limitations of literature and the lack of new archaeological materials, many issues, such as pavilion system and rural institutions, have not been discussed in depth. In his book "History of the Qin and Han Dynasties", Mr. Jian Bozan was ignorant and even speculated about the establishment of the salt and iron officials in the Western Han Dynasty from the prefectural officials. Since the publication of Mr. Wang Yuquan's article "The "Ting" and "Xiang" and "Li" in the Han Dynasty have different administrative systems of different natures", there have been divergent litigation and controversy for nearly 30 years. As soon as the Yin Wanhan bamboo slips were published, the relevant records in the various book collections were clearly organized and the systems were different. Years of controversy began to become clear. The new historical materials have opened up new channels for the study of Qin and Han history and proposed new topics.
5. Breakthroughs in the research of the Western Han Dynasty Spells and Numbers
Shushu as a subject category began in the Western Han Dynasty. "Han Shu·Yi Wen Zhi" contains: "(Liu) Xin then collected the books and played his seven strategies. So there are compilations, including six art strategies, Zhuzi strategies, poems and prose strategies, shushu strategies, and strategy strategies. "Sciences and numbers include astronomy, calendar, five elements, tortoise occupancy, miscellaneous occupancy, criminal law, etc. There are several types of bamboo slips found in Yinwan bamboo slips. The first is the "Yuanyan First Year Calendar", "Yuanyan Second Year Calendar", and "Yuanyan Three Years Day Book" written on wooden slips. ", "The Divine Tortoise Occupation", "Bo Ju Occupation"; the second is "Xing Morality" and "Doing Good and Bad" written on bamboo slips.
The "Yuanyan First Year Calendar" is opposite to the Western Han calendar unearthed in the past. Its most prominent value lies in its complete records of the four o'clock and eight festivals, Fu, La, and Sacrificial Days of the year. It is the calendar found in Juyan Slips in the past. Never seen. It provides us with a complete example for studying the calendar of the Western Han Dynasty. It will play a direct role in correcting the errors in the "Perpetual Calendar". It has important reference significance for the reconstruction of the research on the new intercalary tables and calendars of the Western Han Dynasty.
6. "Shen Wu Fu" and a breakthrough in the study of literary history
"Shen Wu Fu" is the only literary work among the bamboo slips unearthed from the Han Tomb of Yin Wan. It is written on 21 wide slips. The order was scattered at the time of excavation. Among them, 18 were written in the text, one was written in the title, and the other was illegible. The author or the scribe was either the author or the scribe. There is also a plain-faced Jane.
"Fu" was the common fake of "Fu" in the Han Dynasty. "Shen Wu Fu" is a lost fu written in the late Western Han Dynasty, the full text is about 664 words. It tells a very moving story of birds. This is a very complete Han dynasty folk fu that has been lost for more than two thousand years. Compared with some of the Han fu that was handed down and newly discovered in the past and belonged to the upper-level literature, it is more important in terms of subject matter, content and writing skills. Close to folk literature. This fu is mainly four-character, using anthropomorphic techniques to tell the story of the battle between Wu and birds, which is exactly the same as Cao Zhi's "Harrier Fu" and the "Swallow Fu" discovered in Dunhuang, which is written in four words. Its discovery has advanced the history of this kind of vulgar fu for more than 2,000 years. This has greatly enriched the research content of ancient vulgar fu in the history of ancient literature, especially in the study of fu.
The discovery value of "Shen Wu Fu" cannot be underestimated. It adds a new source to Han Fu, and it supplements another example in the ancient fables of birds and birds. So that people have a more systematic understanding of this kind of literary phenomenon from the process of development, continuation and change. Through the observation of the origin of "Shen Wu Fu", we can draw inferences from one another, and increase people's interest in the generation, development, inheritance and evolution of certain themes, themes, and images of classical literature. Some experiences and lessons of artistic thinking can be summarized from it. It is also a new perspective of literary research.
"Shen Wu Fu" is a major discovery in the historical materials of ancient Chinese literature. Filled up a blank in "Quan Han Fu" edited by Mr. Fei Zhengang. More importantly, the discovery and publication of "Shen Wu Fu" gave literary historians a new feedback. The study of literary history should not pay attention to literary phenomena in isolation, but should pay more attention to the new discoveries of archaeological materials. The remnants of "Tang Le" were unearthed in the Han Tomb of Yinque Mountain in Linyi, Shandong, the remnants of "Chu Ci" and "Shen Wu Fu" were unearthed in Shuanggudui, Fuyang, Anhui, and the discovery of "Shen Wu Fu" in Yinwan of the East China Sea. The research on the history of Fu in the Western Han Dynasty has pushed a new milestone. The "Family of Literature and History", both literature and history, will open up a new world of literary research.
These bamboo slips were the documents of the county government in the late Western Han Dynasty. Their meticulousness, completeness, and system are indeed only seen in the five types of Han bamboo slips published in the past (Dunhuang, Jiuquan, Zhangye, Wuwei, Lop Nor). This batch of documents comes from the tomb of Shirao Cao Shirao, a man of Donghai County in the Western Han Dynasty with an exact date and a clear identity. Document files, including private documents and lost texts in Han Fu, are the files and materials that the tomb owner should have in his particular position before his life and should have possession or custody of the collection. The possibility of random production can be completely ruled out. Bringing into the ground as a funerary is not only a reflection of the funeral customs of the Han Dynasty, but also in order to hope that it will still have the same status as a pet and a high-ranking post. Therefore, the scientificity and reliability of this batch of bamboo slips have been established. In this sense, the academic value of Yinwan Han tomb slips cannot be underestimated. It will provide a full range of first-hand information for the research on the history of Qin and Han Dynasties, the history of the Chinese political system, the history of archives, the history of military affairs, the history of art and number, the history of literature, the history of calligraphy, the history of bamboo slips, and the collation of ancient books and the protection of archives. Mr. Qiu Xigui of Peking University said: "I can't overestimate the bamboo slips of Yinwan Han tomb."
Yinwan Han Tomb Bamboo Slips are over 40,000 characters, but the document value is extremely high, waiting for the continued research of experts and scholars.
Yinwan, along with the excavation of Yinwan Han Tomb and the discovery of Yinwan Han Bamboo Slips, has become the focus of attention in historians, archaeology, and ancient books at home and abroad in recent years.
